The Australian government’s recent decision to ban under-16s from using social media has drawn attention to the harm it can cause, especially for young people.
But young people are only part of the population that use social networks. According to the Digital 2024 report, 78.3% of Australians regularly use platforms such as Facebook and Instagram, mainly to keep in touch with friends and family. Read also | Empowerment vs. Exploitation: Balancing the Benefits and Risks of Social Media for Women’s Mental Health in the Digital Age
Perhaps surprisingly, a large proportion of these users are elderly. For example, the Digital 2024 report also shows that 21.3% of Australia’s Meta advertising audience (across Messenger, Facebook and Instagram) is aged 55 and over. This makes it the second largest age group after 25–34 (25.4%).
So what does the research say about how social media affects the social life and well-being of older adults?
The presence of older people in social networks is growing
The digital divide is narrowing as older generations use social media. According to figures from earlier this year, more than 70% of Australians aged 65 and over use social media to some extent.
Facebook remains the most popular among this demographic, serving as a gateway to reconnecting with family and long-lost friends. In addition to reconnecting, our research shows that older adults often use these platforms to share memories, participate in community groups, and access news. Read also | Does social media make you anxious? How Smarter Use Can Improve Your Mental Health
This growing trend is driven by both internal and external factors. Research shows that many older users are driven by a desire to stay connected to their families, especially their grandchildren, who often share their lives through social media.
For others, the COVID pandemic has accelerated the adoption of digital tools, making social media a lifesaver during periods of isolation.
Improved connection
A recent study found a positive association between Internet use and mental health among older adults in 23 countries.
Social networks, in particular, work:
- Maintaining family ties: Social media provides seniors with a virtual seat at the family table. By viewing photos, videos, and updates, they can stay up-to-date with their loved ones, regardless of physical distance. Platforms like WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger are especially popular for private family group chats that allow seniors to message and share moments in real time.
- Renewal of old friendships: Platforms like Facebook have proven effective in reconnecting seniors with long-lost friends. For many, revisiting old relationships evokes a sense of nostalgia and belonging. Research has shown that this kind of interaction can increase feelings of belonging and reduce feelings of loneliness, which is a major concern of aging people.
- Building new communities: Social media groups dedicated to specific interests, such as gardening, photography or travel, offer seniors a chance to make new connections. These virtual communities are inclusive spaces where members share advice, experiences, and foster friendships based on shared interests. Read also | The impact of social media on adolescent mental health
Improving well-being
The ability of social media to facilitate communication among older adults has a direct impact on their well-being.
Regular online interaction can reduce feelings of loneliness and depression by providing a sense of purpose and belonging.
Research shows that active participation, such as posting photos, is associated with a sense of competence in older users, which is linked to well-being. For some, becoming a “grand influencer” on platforms like Instagram or TikTok opens up an unexpected avenue for creative expression and social influence.
Internet forums are also gaining strength as a tool for health information and advocacy. Seniors participate in chronic disease support groups, share wellness tips, and even participate in community discussions. This demonstrates the broader potential of social media platforms beyond social interaction.
Challenges online
Despite its benefits, social media is not without its challenges for seniors.
For some, navigating the complex interface of the platforms can be intimidating. Our research shows that half of older people feel anxious about their use of communication technology, with older women feeling more anxious than older men.
Issues such as privacy concerns, misinformation and online fraud can also create barriers to engagement. Also, while social media makes communication easier, it cannot replace the depth of personal communication.
Our research shows that people with higher levels of digital literacy are more likely to experience the positive effects of social media due to constant “self-socialization” without the need to interact with others, which can undermine learning and confidence. For others, initiatives aimed at improving digital skills among older people, such as digital mentoring programs, can significantly increase their confidence and ability to interact safely online. Read also | Social media: abstinence can boost self-esteem
Bridge and barrier
Social media can keep seniors connected. But its impact depends on how it is used.
For many, it serves as a vital link to family, friends and new communities, enriching their social lives and reducing isolation. However, to unlock its full potential, barriers such as digital literacy and online safety need to be removed.
As the world becomes increasingly digital, empowering older adults to meaningfully engage with social media ensures that they remain not only connected, but also active participants in a rapidly evolving social landscape.
