Going through the postpartum period can be a difficult experience for new mothers, especially those with diabetes. For women with gestational diabetes or pre-existing diabetes, taking care of their health after giving birth is important for both their own well-being and that of their newborn.
From understanding how breastfeeding can affect blood sugar levels to developing effective control habits, moms with diabetes can take steps to effectively manage their condition postpartum.
Understanding postpartum diabetes management
In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr Chetna Jain, Director of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cloudnine Group of Hospitals, Gurgaon Sector 14, shared, “Postpartum is a unique phase where hormonal changes continue to affect insulin sensitivity, increasing blood sugar levels. of blood dynamic process control. In women with gestational diabetes, blood sugar levels often return to normal soon after giving birth, but the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life remains higher.’
She suggested: “Women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes should continue to be closely monitored to prevent complications, especially as their bodies adjust to the changes in sleep, stress and activity levels associated with caring for a newborn. To effectively manage diabetes during this time, new mothers should focus on establishing consistent habits related to blood sugar control, medications, nutrition, and hydration. Consulting with a healthcare provider to tailor diabetes treatment plans based on individual needs and lifestyle changes is an important first step.”
The importance of blood sugar control
Continuous control of blood sugar levels is fundamental to the management of postpartum diabetes. Dr Chetna Jain said: “Blood sugar levels can fluctuate more than usual due to hormonal changes, lack of sleep and altered diet. New mothers with diabetes are encouraged to check their blood sugar regularly and document any trends or abnormalities. This can help identify patterns, especially if symptoms of high or low blood sugar such as fatigue, dizziness or irritability occur.’
She added: “Those with type 1 diabetes may need to have their insulin dose adjusted after delivery. Hormonal fluctuations and stress can increase or decrease the need for insulin. Keeping in regular contact with an endocrinologist or diabetes educator can help ensure that insulin levels are balanced to prevent complications.”
Breastfeeding and blood sugar control
Breastfeeding has many benefits for both mother and baby, and it can also affect blood sugar levels in mothers with diabetes. Dr. Chetna Jain revealed, “Breast milk production requires energy, which can lead to a natural decrease in blood sugar. Some women with diabetes often experience low blood sugar levels while breastfeeding, making regular monitoring even more important. In some cases, the mother may need to adjust the dosage of insulin or oral medications while breastfeeding. Health professionals can help determine the safest medications for both mother and baby at this time. For example, some oral medications may be preferred over others to minimize any potential risk to the baby through breast milk. Balancing blood sugar levels while breastfeeding may also require dietary and snacking adjustments to prevent sudden drops.’
Healthy eating and physical activity
Nutrition plays an important role in managing postpartum diabetes, as a balanced diet can help maintain stable blood sugar levels, provide sustained energy to care for the newborn, and promote overall recovery. According to Dr. Chetna Jain, key nutritional considerations for new mothers with diabetes include:
- Balanced nutrition: Aiming for a balance of carbohydrates, protein and healthy fats at every meal can help regulate blood sugar. Complex carbohydrates, such as whole grains, vegetables, and legumes, provide slow-release energy that can prevent spikes and drops in blood sugar.
- Hydration: Staying hydrated is important, especially for breastfeeding mothers, as dehydration can affect blood sugar levels. Drinking water regularly and minimizing sugary drinks can help control blood sugar.
- Frequent snacks: Small, frequent snacks with protein and complex carbohydrates can prevent blood sugar from falling between meals and breastfeeding. Some healthy snack ideas include apple slices with peanut butter, Greek yogurt with berries, or a handful of nuts.
Dr Chetna Jain said: “Adding gentle physical activity whenever possible is also beneficial for new mothers with diabetes. Short walks or light stretching can support blood sugar control, reduce stress and improve energy levels. However, it is very important to start slowly and listen to your body, especially in the first period of postpartum recovery.’
Stress management and self-care
The demands of caring for a newborn can increase stress levels, which can affect blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. Dr Chetna Jain warned: “High levels of stress can lead to the release of cortisol, a hormone that can raise blood sugar levels. Finding ways to manage stress, even in small ways, is important for managing postpartum diabetes.” Some methods include –
- Deep breathing and relaxation: Simple breathing exercises can help calm the nervous system and reduce stress.
- Short rest periods: New mothers often have trouble sleeping, but even short naps or periods of rest can help reduce fatigue and stress.
- Support networks: Friends, family or support groups can offer emotional support and practical help, such as sharing care responsibilities.
Carving out time for self-care may seem like a daunting task, but it’s essential to overall well-being and effective diabetes management.
Monitoring for long-term health
Women who have had gestational diabetes face an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Dr. Chetna Jain advised, “Regular check-ups are important to monitor the progression or changes in blood sugar levels over time. Generally, doctors recommend a glucose tolerance test about six to twelve weeks after giving birth to confirm whether blood sugar levels have returned to normal. After that, testing every one to three years can help with early detection and treatment if blood sugar problems recur. For women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, ongoing care and regular diabetes screenings are vital to long-term health. Regular visits to an endocrinologist, dietitian, or diabetes educator can ensure that postpartum changes in lifestyle or insulin sensitivity are managed effectively.”
She concluded: “Managing diabetes after giving birth can be challenging, but with the right support and strategies, new mothers can maintain stable blood sugar levels and promote long-term health. Blood sugar monitoring, breastfeeding considerations, a balanced diet, physical activity, stress management, and regular health checkups all play an important role in effective postpartum diabetes management. By focusing on these areas, new mothers with diabetes can ensure a healthy recovery and a strong foundation for future well-being.”
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor for any health concerns.
