The bleeding eyes has so far claimed 15 lives in Rwanda and caused fear around the world.
What is this bleeding eye? How to define it? What are its symptoms?
Bleeding eye disease is medically known as Marburg disease. It is called bleeding eye because of one of the classic symptoms.
The disease is spread by the Marburg virus. Rousettus aegyptiacus, a fruit mouse of the family Pteropodidae, is a natural carrier of the virus.
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the disease as severe and often fatal in humans. “The average mortality from MIA is about 50%. The fatality rate has ranged from 24% to 88% during past outbreaks,” said the WHO report, updated in October 2024.
How to define Marburg disease? Are there any specific symptoms?
Marburg’s disease begins with high fever, severe headache and severe malaise, accompanied by muscle pain. On the third day, severe watery diarrhea, abdominal pain and spasms, nausea and vomiting begin. A rash without itching is observed in patients from 2 to 7 days after the onset of symptoms.
Hemorrhagic manifestations, such as fresh blood in vomitus and feces, as well as bleeding from the nose, gums, vagina and other organs can be observed from the fifth day.
In fatal cases, death occurs between 8 and 9 days after the onset of symptoms.
Marburg’s disease or bleeding eyes in India
According to a report available on the Union Health Ministry’s website published in 2023, no case has been reported in India so far. “As no cases have been reported from India, surveillance strategies should therefore be more focused on the country’s point of entry (PoE),” the report said.
With precautions and warnings issued by several countries, people can take the necessary steps to protect themselves from the disease.
Since there is no specific treatment or vaccine, prevention is crucial.
To protect yourself, avoid direct contact with bats, especially in regions where the virus is known to occur, as fruit bats are natural hosts. Refrain from entering caves or mines where bats live. Handle wild meat with care and make sure it is thoroughly processed before eating.
In case of outbreaks, practice strict hygiene. Wash your hands often with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Avoid close contact with infected persons or their body fluids and refrain from touching infected surfaces or objects.
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